FROM BITE TO BRAIN: A DEEP DIVE INTO THE RABIES VIRUS AND ITS IMPACTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69656/pjp.v22i1.1858Keywords:
Endemic, Infected animal, Neurotropic, Pathogenesis, Rabies virusAbstract
Rabies lyssavirus is an enveloped, neurotropic virus with a single-stranded, negative sense RNA genome of approximately 12 kilobases, and is responsible for rabies in animals and humans. Rabies virus (RABV) displays a bullet-shaped morphology and has a broad host range. Rabies is severe, often life-threatening disease, endemic in many regions of Africa and Asia, with cases frequently under reported due to limited laboratory diagnostics. Transmission primarily occurs via the infected animal’s saliva, especially dogs, which account for over 99% of human rabies cases. Following exposure, the virus initially infects peripheral motor neurons and subsequently invades the central nervous system (CNS), leading to fatal outcomes once symptoms develop. Prevention relies on mass dog vaccination, prompt post-exposure prophylaxis, and thorough wound care. Administration of rabies vaccine and immunoglobulin is essential for effective prevention. Achieving the World Health Organization’s (WHO) target of eliminating dog-mediated human rabies by 2030 depends on strong government support, targeted vaccination, and increased public awareness.
Pak J Physiol 2026;22(1):62–7, DOI: https://doi.org/10.69656/pjp.v22i1.1858
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